Botswana People Botswana's stability reflects its ethnic homogeneity and the continuing importance of traditional forms of authority, notably the village "kgotla," or parliament. The Tswana make up 95% of the population, with the Bamangwato forming the largest Tswana group. Botswana's first inhabitants, the San, or Kalahari Bushmen, have been marginalized. Whites dominate the professional sector.